New York
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US stocks were little changed Wednesday after new data showed the economy added 130,000 jobs in January, exceeding economists’ expectations.
Stocks fluctuated between gains and losses. The Dow closed lower by 67 points, or 0.13%. The S&P 500 was flat. The tech-heavy Nasdaq Composite fell 0.16%.
The US economy added 130,000 jobs in January, according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, outpacing economists’ estimates for 75,000 jobs. The data could boost hopes for strong economic growth this year — but it could also push back expectations for Federal Reserve interest-rate cuts, posing a potential headwind for stocks.
Stocks initially jumped higher Wednesday morning after the data release before turning lower as traders adjusted to the prospect of the Fed holding interest rates steady for longer. The hot jobs number decreases expectations for lower rates, said José Torres, senior economist at Interactive Brokers.
The Russell 2000, an index of smaller stocks more sensitive to interest rates, fell 0.38%.
Treasury yields, which rise when bond prices fall, jumped higher as investors adjusted their expectations for stronger growth and fewer Fed interest-rate cuts. The US dollar index, which measures the dollar’s strength relative to six major currencies, gained 0.1%.
The Dow and S&P 500 are less than 1% away from recent record highs. The Nasdaq, which has been dragged down by software stocks, is roughly 4% away from its last record high set in October.
Bret Kenwell, US investment analyst at eToro, told CNN that stocks are “chopping back and forth” and consolidating as traders digest the jobs report, assess the outlook for Fed interest rates and search for new market catalysts.
While stocks fluctuated Wednesday, some investors were optimistic that strong jobs growth could still support a broad stock market rally.
“January’s employment report was strong, which likely keeps the (Fed) on hold for now. The bigger implication may be for stocks,” Brad Conger, chief investment officer at Hirtle Callaghan, said in a note. “A stronger job market will support the ‘broadening trade’ — the rotational to industrial, cyclicals and consumer discretionary from technology.”
The stronger-than-expected job gains come after recent data had suggested a shaky economy. Shares stumbled last week on news about job openings in December hitting their lowest level in five years as investors tried to assess the health of the economy and figure out whether to cash in on pricey stocks.
So with the official jobs report released Wednesday, delayed by several days because of the brief partial government shutdown, investors will have to reckon with a stronger-than-anticipated view of the health of the economy. In addition to strong job gains, the jobless rate ticked down to 4.3% from 4.4%.
“Markets may have been expecting a downshift in today’s numbers after last week’s soft data, but the jobs market hit the gas pedal instead,” Ellen Zentner, chief economic strategist at Morgan Stanley Wealth Management, said in a note.
Not enough new jobs, or a loss in jobs, could have suggested an economy in trouble. Consumer spending in December was weaker than expected, according to Commerce Department data. And last month was the worst January for hiring announcements since 2009, according to data from career services company Challenger, Gray & Christmas.
That put extra weight on the monthly payrolls number. The healthy jobs growth could boost views that the US economy has room to run this year. Still, the large number of job gains might make Fed policymakers back off any further interest-rate cuts this year.
“The (Fed’s) gaze instead will turn to the inflation picture with the economy continuing to perform above expectations,” Kay Haigh, global co-head of fixed income and liquidity solutions at Goldman Sachs Asset Management, said in a note.
The BLS’ latest benchmark annual revision also showed the US economy added fewer jobs from April 2024 to March 2025 than previously expected. But the stronger-than-anticipated January job growth, coupled with the tick-down in the unemployment rate, boosted Wall Street’s optimism about stocks that are sensitive to economic growth prospects, like energy and industrials.
“We believe the rotation toward ‘old economy’ and pro‑cyclical sectors should continue,” Angelo Kourkafas, senior global strategist at Edward Jones, said in a note.